I had a hydraulic circuit in a trash compactor give an entire team fits. All three shifts had opinions tried options and all of us were failing.
What we knew was the cylinder catastrophically failed and sent the welded cap to the ceiling. What we knew was after rebuild and installing we had a multitude of symptoms ranging from cavitation, surging, no flow, perfect flow and anything else you could think up. We had dang near replaced disassembled and adjusted everything except the cylinder.
I got slated for tear down. Taking one off the hoses I happened to glance into the fitting. Just inside the crimp was a larger piece of rubber. Curiosity and a crap ton of tugging with the help of a vice yielded a oring sized to fit the ram cylinder. Whole, not cut, not nicked and in a hose that meant it had to have traveld through nearly the entire circuit. It was nearly the diameter of the id of the hose and folded flat.
Put it back together and it was finally fixed.